Are You a Friend of Dorthy?
Book Summary:
Are You a Friend of Dorothy? tells the story of a coded phrase used by LGBTQ+ people in the mid-20th century to safely recognize one another. The book explains how the question “Are you a friend of Dorothy?” helped people find community during a time when being openly gay could lead not only to discrimination but also arrest. It also shares the humorous true story of how the U.S. Navy once tried to investigate the mysterious “Dorothy,” believing she was a real person.
Recommended Questions:
How did the phrase “Friend of Dorothy” help LGBTQ+ people build community while also staying safe?
Why did the Navy misunderstand the phrase and assume Dorothy was a real person? What does this reveal about different perspectives and experiences?
What does this story teach us about how marginalized groups find creative ways to support and recognize one another?
Why is it important to learn about the experiences of groups whose stories were often hidden or overlooked in history?
Near the end of the book it states, “A lot has changed in the United States of America since then.” Research two important changes that have occurred and explain why they are significant for the LGBTQ+ community.
The book says, “Learning about the ways we survived in the past could help people in the future.” What do you think this statement means? Why might understanding past struggles and strategies help communities today?
What lessons from this story can help communities become more welcoming and inclusive today?
NCSS Theme 4: Individual Development and Identity
The book explores how individuals understand and express their identities, particularly when society discourages openness. LGBTQ+ people used coded language to build community and protect themselves while navigating discrimination. The story helps students understand how identity, belonging, and social acceptance shape people’s experiences.
Social Justice Anchor Standard 15: History of social justice
The book introduces students to LGBTQ+ communities who developed strategies to safely find one another during a time of discrimination. The phrase “Friend of Dorothy” became a way for people to recognize allies and build supportive networks. Through this story, students learn how marginalized groups have historically organized, communicated, and supported each other in the pursuit of dignity and safety.
WA History 3: Understands that there are multiple perspectives and interpretations of historical events
The story highlights different perspectives during the mid-20th century: LGBTQ+ individuals seeking safety and community, and government authorities misunderstanding their networks. Students examine how historical events can be interpreted differently depending on viewpoint and lived experience. This encourages learners to consider voices that were often hidden or marginalized in historical narratives.
